Essay on Character Motivations in Hills Like White Elephants

In the story, Hills like White Elephants written by Ernest Hemingway, the main character Jig faces a life changing event, abortion. The struggles with the complications of abortion concern and desire Jig to want to keep the baby. Bringing a new life into the world is a long time commitment and it is something Jig feels she can treasure forever. However, her companion attempted to persuade her in another direction, to proceed with the abortion. As na#239;ve as he is, he feels his persuasion can overcome Jigs desires. Jig is a sarcastic yet reserved woman, who desires to bring a new life into the world, even if her companion does not approve; she knows what is best. Jig can be perceived as sarcastic, which does not express how†¦show more content†¦In the beginning of the story Jig is not motivated to tell her companion how she feels about the abortion. The only motivation she has is to make him happy and not argue about the situation. I realize, the girl said. Cant we maybe stop talking?(191). The idea of being happier in life is all that Jig wants. Her motivation becomes limited because her companion does not agree with the idea of keeping the baby. Jigs companion is settled with the life he has and the thought of bringing a new life into his world would make him unhappy. He wants whats best for Jig but he is being selfish with the words he says. Jig is rather upset at her companion for being na#239;ve about the abortion. He does not realize that an abortion is a difficult procedure. Ill go with you and Ill stay with you all the time. They just let the air in and then its perfectly natural(198). The argument creates a major conflict between the two people. We can have everything. No we cant. We can go everywhere. No, we cant. It isnt ours anymore(190). Motivation can boost someones confidence, although confidence can turn into doubt by persuasion. For example, when Jigs companion explains to her how happier people are when they proceed with an abortion. And you think then well be all right and be happy. I know we will. You dont have to be afraid. Ive known lots of people that have done it(189). Jigs opinionShow MoreRelatedWhite Elephants Are Like An Abortion951 Words   |  4 PagesWhite Elephants are like an Abortion As we know conceiving a child is a life changing experience; indeed, it can sometimes be a good or a bad experience. In the story Hills like White Elephants, â€Å"Hemingway’s unnamed American male dominates the weaker-sexed Jig† Rankin. Throughout the story the American man is trying to convince the pregnant Jig to abort their baby. They are discussing a life and death situation, literally for the unborn child, and figuratively for their relationship. There are manyRead MoreThe World of Fiction666 Words   |  3 Pagesgenre which through shaping the character, narrating story, and describing the environment to reflect life, to express ideas. It uses the narrators language to expand the themes and express thoughts and feelings. It is the reflection of art and performance of the social life. Fiction can reflect specific social phenomenon by creating a significant character. Hawthorne shows us all kinds of social phenomena in the society and a variety of characters, especially in his own work Rappaccini’sRead MoreHills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingway Essay2921 Words   |  12 Pagestopic and is a very helpful tool to the future. The best kind of literature are short stories. One very interesting short story is called â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† by Ernest Hemingway. Ernest Hemingway shows the themes in his writing by being very obvious about some of them and not so obvious about others. Some of the themes in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† include relationships, men and woman, and many others as well. Hemingway’s use of literary elements lets the readers analyze the many themesRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado and Hills Like White Elephants577 Words   |  3 Pagesof â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe amp; â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† by Ernest Hemmingway Analysis of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe Abstract â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe, is a short story about a man named Montessor who gets revenge on one of his â€Å"friends† named Fortunado by trapping him and burying him alive. Treatment Setting: Two kinds Plot: Man gets revenge on his â€Å"friend† Characters: Montresor, Fortunado, Montresor’s family, and Luchesi Read MoreThis Tournament Goes to Eleven4982 Words   |  20 PagesTournament Goes to Eleven 2007 This Packet Has Gone to the Dogs (theme packet) Written by: Delaware (Bill Tressler) Every question will mention a dog somewhere, but answers need not be specifically a dogs name or breed. Tossups 1. One character by this name was a son of Zeus and Niobe who succeeded Apis as king of Phoronea. Another had the labors of freeing Arcadia and killing Satyr, while a third is seen lying neglected on the heaps of mule and cow dung and could not get up to greetRead Morelord of the flies notebook check4355 Words   |  20 Pagesspeech a diatribe Chapter 3 Page    oppressive 49 Using power unjustly, burdensome inscrutable 49 Difficult to understand, mysterious vicissitudes 49 A change of circumstance or fortune, typically unpleasant declivities 54 Downward slopes, as of a hill tacit 55 No spoken; implied by action or statement Chapter 4 Page    blatant 58 Obvious taboo 62 Excluding or forbidden from use mention sinewy 64 Lean and muscular, stringy and tough malevolently 71 Dark or having ill will Chapter 5 Page    ludicrousRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesor a short story. Events of any kind, of course, inevitably involve people, and for this reason it is virtually impossible to discuss plot in isolation from character. Character and plot are, in fact, intimately and reciprocally related, especially in modern fiction. A major function of plot can be said to be the representation of characters in action, though as we will see the action involved can be internal and psychological as well as external and physical. In order for a plot to begin, someRead MoreLenovo and Ibm23938 Words   |  96 PagesIntegration: The Experience of Lenovo and IBM By Sharona Peng universally applicable. However, since members of a nation face a set of common experience, themes and institutions that shape their value orientations, it may result in a unique national character that is more clearly apparent to foreigners than to the nationals themselves (Hofstede, 1984). In addition, Hofstede (2005) has conceded that while others believes differences in national institutions (governments, laws, associations, enterpriseRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesIntroduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 FoundationsRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesLeading 13—Motivation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 The Human Element of the Organization . . . . . . . . . . . 300 Structuring the Human Element in Organizations . . . . 302 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 The Content Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305 Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of Motivation . . . . . .

An Analysis of P.S. I Love You Essay - 3118 Words

Running Head: P.S. I LOVE YOU 1 An Analysis of P.S. I Love You Tammy McDaniel ENG 225 Jonathan Beller August 15, 2011 P.S. I LOVE YOU 2 An Analysis of P.S. I Love You The 2007 film, P.S. I Love You, is a film about learning to let go and move on with your life after the death of a spouse. The Film stars Hilary Swank, Million Dollar Baby and Gerard Butler, 300. It also stars Lisa Kudrow as Denise, Gina Gershon as Sharon, James Marsters as John, Kathy Bates as Patricia (Hollys mom), Nellie McKay as Ciara (Hollys sister), Harry Connick Jr. as Daniel, and Jeffrey Dean Morgan as William. This paper will critique the film, P.S. I Love You, through textual and formal†¦show more content†¦The character drives the film,because you want to see how Holly handles receiving the letters and following through with what Gerry wants her to do. This is a film that uses flashbacks to help you understand certain things. The flashbacks in this film allows the audience to see just how much Gerry loved Holly. It shows that he loved her so much he wanted to help her move on with her life. He wrote those letters knowing that he was going to die. He wanted to help ease Hollys pain after he was gone. I feel that the flashbacks in this film help the film so much, because without them you would never really know how much Gerry loved Holly. This Film used realism acting. This is acting that does not draw attention to itself but instead gives the impression of genuine human action and emotion. (Goodykoontz Jacobs, 2011) I believe that both Hilary Swank and Gerard Butler are wild card actors. Wild card actors are actors that can play a wide variety of characters equally without becoming typecast. (Goodykoontz Jacobs,Show MoreRelatedThe Shame of the Nation by Jonathan Kozol1730 Words   |  7 PagesI. Analysis of the mechanics of the book. If anyone in the United States were asked, What is the best part about living in this country?, most people would answer equality. The United States is built on and known for the equality among its citizens and is often referred to as the melting pot. After reading Jonathan Kozols, The Shame of the Nation, equality is nonexistent within the schools he has gone to, and has been employed through. With his travels, expert testimony and personal storiesRead MoreA Product Called Earn Cash Annual And Make Money With Google1332 Words   |  6 Pages In this review I will be taking a look at a product called Earn Cash Yearly or Make Money With Google or Make Money With Google And Clickbank...yeah, these are all the different names for the same product on the same sales page. (I ll be referring to it as Make Money With Google from now on.) Also, this product is apparently created by Jean, a successful internet business woman for over seven years. If you ve been around Kirby s Marketing before, you know that I like to purchaseRead MoreThe Beatles were an English rock band that formed in Liverpool, in 1960. With John Lennon, Paul1700 Words   |  7 Pagesin Liverpool due to the Merseybeat movement. During a performace at the â€Å"Cavern Club†, they encountered Brian Epstein, a record store owner and music columnist. He only had good things to say about them: I immediately liked what I heard. They were fresh, and they were honest, and they had what I thought was a sort of presence  ... [a] star quality. Epstein ended up courting them for a few months before finally becoming their manager in January of 1962. He was able to get The Beatles an audition withRead MoreTeaching Writing Informal Letters8861 Words   |  36 PagesContents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Chapter I. General notion of writing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 1.1.Writing skills†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 1.2. The importance of effective writing skills†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 1.3. Informal writing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 1.4. Letter writing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...9 1.5. Different types of letters†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 Chapter II.Teaching writing informal letters†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13Read MoreThe Theory Of Social Exchange Theory Essay2323 Words   |  10 Pagesa great job presenting SET to us in this week’s media, I hope you all enjoyed it. Now, we can further consider it by applying the concepts to real life situations such as our family case study, our own family, or other examples you find to be beneficial to you and our collective growth as future APNs. In order to guide our discussion and to have a meaningful learning experience I would encourage each of us to answer the following: What do you find most interesting among the theoretical concepts? ProvideRead MoreFlowers For Algernon By Daniel Keyes2068 Words   |  9 PagesI don t know what s worse: To not know what you are and be happy, or to become what you ve always wanted to be and feel alone. - Daniel Keyes. Flowers for Algernon, a tale th at tells you the sacrifices, experience, and emotions of life what you can have coming for you. And to the meaning of being a normal person whom you already born as. This fascinating novel published in 1959, is by the author Daniel Keyes, with a touching Science Fiction and Dystopia genre. The theme indicates that you shouldRead MoreGULARA GAFAROVA MHR ASSIGNMENT Essay2256 Words   |  10 Pagesassignments and students should be aware that work submitted as an appendix will not be read and will not count towards the final mark of the assignment. Module: Management of Human Resources – Assignment 1 (40%) Assignment Brief: For this assignment you are required to write a 1,000-word essay on ONE of the following topics: What is the connection between the concept of the psychological contract and the theories of employee motivation, and how valid are these models in the 21st century workplaceRead MoreDo Happy Workers Work Hard4347 Words   |  18 Pagessatisfaction can be assessed by simple questions such as `Choose one of the following Michael Argyle 2 Do happy workers work harder? following statements which best tells how well you like your job: I hate it, I dislike it, I do not like it, I am indifferent to it, I like it, I am enthusiastic about it, I love it (Hoppock, 1935). Later measures have used a series of scales to measure different components of job satisfaction. Many scales have been devised for this purpose: one book reviews noRead MoreA Literary Analysis Of Still Alice3068 Words   |  13 Pagesï » ¿A Literary Analysis of Still Alice Still Alice (Genova, 2009) is a captivating debut novel about a 50-year-old woman’s sudden decline into early onset Alzheimer’s disease. The book is written by first time author Lisa Genova, who holds a PH.D in neuroscience from Harvard University. She’s also an online columnist for the national Alzheimer’s association. Her other books include Left Neglected and Love Anthony. She lives with her husband and two children in Cape Cod. The theme of the book is relatedRead MoreThe Social Studies Teachers and Improvisation of Instructional Materials (a Case Study of Some Selected Junior Secondary School in Kirfi Local Government Area of Bauchi State).7115 Words   |  29 Pagesmore also of instructional materials does not guarantee effective communication and effective teaching and learning, it is their careful selection and skillful handling by the teacher that render them useful in facilitating learning. As a teacher you should not teach alone, but should find relevant resources to make your teaching more interesting and effective, the objective of teaching and learning process. Is to transmit ideas, information’s, skill and competence to the learners, the learner is

Bhangra Dance Sample Essay Example For Students

Bhangra Dance Sample Essay Earliest developed of these was a common people dance conducted by Punjabis in the cardinal northern countries of the part to observe the crop. and whose general pattern had ended by the Partition. 1947. In the fiftiess. a new folkloric dance. representative of the province of Punjab and composed of glances of men’s Punjabi dance manners. was created and finally received the rubric of bhangra. Bhangra competitions have been held in Punjab for many decennaries. They are particularly associated with college young person festivals. Since the 1990s. universities and other organisations have held one-year bhangra dance competitions in many of the chief metropoliss of the United States. Canada. and England every bit good. At these competitions. immature Punjabis. other South Asians. and people with no South Asiatic background compete for money and trophies. In the West. unlike in the Punjab. there is less accent on traditional vocals and more focal point on the flow of a mix ; many squads mix traditional bhangra music with hip-hop or stone vocals. This synergism of the bhangra dance with other civilizations parallels the music’s merger with different genres. University competitions have experienced an detonation in popularity over the last five old ages and have helped to advance the dance and music in today’s mainstream civilization. U. K. In the UK the last of all time Professional Bhangra Dance competition was in 1989 at the Hummingbird. in Birmingham. There was over 10 squads across the UK competing and the winning squad was Jugnu Bhangra ( Gravesend ) – the award winning terpsichoreans who performed for Jugnu. went on to organize 4?4 Bhangra Dancers in 1994. 4?4 Bhangra Dancers. are still known as UK’s best Bhangra Dance company and have performed with the likes of Diversity ( Britains Got Talent victors ) . Led Zepelin. Omarion ( International RnB vocalist A ; terpsichorean ) and variouse Television and Music picture. 4?4 Bhangra Dancers laminitis members Gurdish Sall. Gurvinder Sandher. Parwinder Dhinsa and Sukhdeep Randhawa were the innovators of the Asiatic freestyle dance manner. winning the 1992 UK Asian Freestyle competition at the Dome in Birmingham. 4?4 Dancers besides introduced Bhangra workshops to schools MotionsMusical concomitantBhangra dance is based on music from a dhol. common people vocalizing. and the chimta. The attendant vocals are little pairs written in the Punjabi linguistic communication called bolis. Bhangra vocalists employ a high. energetic tone of voice. Singing ferociously and with great pride. they typically add absurd. random noises to their vocalizing. Likewise. frequently people dancing to Bhangra will shout phrases such as hoi. hoi. hoi ; balle balle ; chak de ; oye hoi ; bruah ( for an drawn-out length of about 2–5 seconds ) ; haripa ; or ch-ch ( largely used as slow beats called Jhummar ) to the music. Dress Traditional work forces wear a chaadra while making bhangra. A chaadra is a piece of fabric wrapped around the waist. Work force besides wear a kurta. which is a long shirt. In add-on. work forces wear pagri ( turban ) to cover their caputs. In modern times. work forces besides wear turla. the fan attached to the pagri. Colorful waistcoats are worn above the kurta. Phummans ( little balls attached to ropes ) are worn on each arm. Womans wear a traditional Punjabi frock known as a salwar kameez. long loose-fitting bloomerss tight at the mortise joint ( salwar ) and a long colourful shirt ( kameez ) . Women besides wear chunnis. colourful pieces of fabric wrapped around the cervix. These points are all really colourful and vivacious. stand foring the rich rural colourss of Punjab. Besides the above. the bhangra frock has different parts that are listed below in item: * Pag ( turban. a mark of pride/honor in Punjab ) . This is tied otherwise than the traditional turban one sees Sikhs e rosion in the street. This turban has to be tied before each show. * Kurta. similar to a silk shirt. with about four buttons. really loose with embroidered hipatterns * Lungi or chador. a loose loincloth tied around the dancer’s waist. which is normally really adorned * Jugi. a vest with no buttons .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda , .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda .postImageUrl , .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda , .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda:hover , .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda:visited , .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda:active { border:0!important; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda:active , .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucd8632ea226d690249b4a8d3feae2bda:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay on Abortion: Consider Adoption* Rumal. little â€Å"scarves† worn on the fingers. They look really elegant and are effectual when the custodies move during the class of bhangra public presentation. Impact in mainstream Western civilization Bhangra dance has expanded into the universe of fittingness. Yes. Fitness teachers like telecasting host Sarina Jain have developed fittingness modus operandis based on bhangra dance moves for their exercise plans. Bhangra Empire. a bhangra dance group from California. has appeared on America’s Got Talent and in Harper’s Bazaar. In the MMORPG. Guild Wars 2. the Sylvari’s dance emote ( activated by typing /dance ) is the Bhangra Dance. Remember we are discoursing bhangha dance in inside informations as oppose to bhangra music MusicBha?g?a popular music associated with Punjabi civilization. It was developed in Britain in the 1980s by first and 2nd coevals immigrants from the Punjab part of India and Pakistan organizing the Punjabi diaspora. pulling from music and vocal of the Punjab part every bit good as assorted Western musical manners. It is seen by some in the West as an look of South Asiatic civilization as a whole. Today. bhangra music exists in different signifiers and manners all over the Earth. Today. Birmingham is considered to be the hub of Bhangra music.

Leadership Qualities at Tesco free essay sample

Each area of expertise requires leadership and management skills. Tesco aims to develop the leadership qualities of its people throughout the organisation, from administrators and customer assistants to the board of directors. It adopts a similar approach to leadership development for staff at all levels. The aim of this essay is to show how a medium sized Tesco’s leadership framework is fundamental to developing the qualities of leadership needed at every level in the business and how the various leadership styles can benefit the organisation. Leadership does exist not only in an organisational level, but in the wider Supply Chain context. Hence the last chapter’s aim is to discover how a single organisation can turn into a Supply Chain Leader amongst the other chain members. 2. Defining Leadership Leadership is a critical determinant of organisational effectiveness; therefore it is not surprising that leadership continues to be the subject of intense academic research and controversy. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Qualities at Tesco or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Part of the reason it has become so important in recent years is that the business world has become more competitive and more volatile. Major changes are more and more necessary to survive and compete effectively in this new environment. More change always demands more leadership. Ralph Stogdill (1950) defined leadership as an influencing process aimed at goal achievement. His definition has three major components. First, it defines leadership as an interpersonal process in which one individual seeks to shape and direct the behaviour of others. Second, it sets leadership in a social context, in which the other members of the group to be influenced are subordinates or followers. Third, it identifies a criterion for effective leadership in terms of goal achievement, which is one practical objective of leadership theory and research. 3. Management versus Leadership Leadership and management are related, but they are not the same; both are two distinctive and complementary systems of action. Each has its own function and characteristic activities. Both are necessary for success in an increasingly complex and volatile business environment. Kotter (1990) argued that management is different from leadership. Leadership is concerned with the development of vision and strategies, the alignment of relevant people behind those strategies and the empowerment of individuals to make the vision happen, despite obstacles. This stands in contrast with management, which involves keeping the current system operating through planning, budgeting, organising, staffing, controlling, and problem solving. According to Griffin (2008) organisations need both management and leadership if they are to be effective. Leadership is necessary to create change, and management is necessary to achieve orderly results. Management in conjunction with leadership can produce orderly change, and leadership in conjunction with management can keep the organisation properly aligned with its environment. 4. Tesco’s Leadership Framework Tesco looks for managers who are positive, confident and genuine, with the capacity to inspire and encourage their teams. A key part of Tesco’s programme for building leaders is encouraging self-review and reflection. This allows staff to assess their strengths and find ways of demonstrating the characteristics that are vital to the long-term development of the business. Business Case Studies LLP, 2013) Tesco’s leadership framework sets out not just the skills and competencies but also the personal characteristics and behaviours it expects of its leaders: 4. 1 Delegation Tesco’s process of managing starts with the target to be achieved. A manager needs decide on the appropriate approach for reaching that target, and then he needs to communicate th is approach clearly to his or her team and to allocate tasks to each team member. Task allocation and delegation of responsibility is part of the management function. 4. Empowerment The style of leadership can vary depending on the task. Some managers allow teams to take charge of their own decision making for many tasks. Team leaders will set the objectives, but empower team members to decide how these objectives are achieved. This has several advantages; it helps to motivate individuals in the team and it draws on the expertise of the members of the team. 4. 3 Productivity One of the key challenges of a Tesco bakery manager’s job is to ensure his team produces the right products to meet demand at key times. His usual management approach is to allow the team to take responsibility for achieving the desired result. In this way, the team not only buys into the activity, but also develops new skills. For example, when the bakery expanded its product range and the team needed to ensure that all the products would be on the shelves by 8. 00 am, the manager rather than enforce a solution, he turned to the team for ideas. The team solved the problem by agreeing to split break times so that productivity could be maintained. The manager’s approach produced a positive outcome and increased team motivation. 5. Leadership Styles Tannenbaum and Schmidt (1973) categorised different leadership styles. They suggested that leadership styles could be explained on a scale ranging from â€Å"autocratic† through â€Å"democratic† to â€Å"laissez-faire†. The autocratic or authoritarian style is characterised by an â€Å"I tell† philosophy. Autocratic leaders tell their staff what to do. This approach can provide a business clear direction, but it may also lead managers to undervalue or ignore input from their teams. However, an autocratic approach is appropriate in some situations; such as when the business faces a crisis or when an urgent problem arises that requires an immediate response. There are some leadership approaches that sit between autocratic and democratic. These styles allow team participation up to a point but, the manager reserves the right to make the final decision. (Tannenbaum amp; Schmidt, 1973) Managers adopting an â€Å"I sell† philosophy will try to persuade their teams to accept their viewpoint, while managers using an â€Å"I consult† approach will seek the opinions of subordinates before taking a decision. This is moving closer to a democratic style of management. A store manager of a medium sized Tesco is usually in charge of a team of around 20 departmental managers, who between them are responsible for almost 300 people. The store manager’s leadership style is usually to allow his managers to make most operational decisions. However, if an accident occurs in the store, he may take control to ensure a prompt and co-ordinated response. (Business Case Studies LLP, 2013) The best managers adopt leadership styles appropriate to the situation. The store manager’s referred leadership style is to take a democratic approach. He consults widely as he feels that staff responds better to this approach. This increases team motivation and encourages creativity. Some mistakes may be made, but they are used as a learning experience. However, sometime business-critical problems can arise and it is important that he responds to these in the most appropriate way. In such situations, he m ay need to adapt his leadership approach and exert more authority. Laissez-faire is at the other end of the spectrum from autocratic. A laissez-faire manager takes a â€Å"hands-off† approach and trusts teams to take appropriate decisions or actions with broad agreed boundaries (Huczynski amp; Buchanan, 2007). For example, the Tesco store manager might leave an experienced departmental manager to develop a budget. This could be because he trusts that the manager has a good knowledge of the needs of the department and of the business. 6. Factors Influencing Leadership Style People at each level of responsibility in Tesco, from administrators and customer assistants to directors, face different types of decisions. Each comes with its own responsibilities and timescales. These will influence the most appropriate leadership style for a particular piece of work or for a given project. Tesco managers have responsibilities for â€Å"front of house† (customer-facing) staff as well as â€Å"behind the scenes† employees, such as office staff. Before making a decision, the manager will consider the task in hand, the people involved and those who will be affected. Various internal and external factors may also affect the choice of leadership style used. Internal factors include the levels of skill that employees have. Large teams may have members with varying levels of skill. This may require the manager to adopt a more directive style, providing clear communication so that everyone knows what to do to achieve goals and tasks. On the other hand, team leaders may take a more consultative approach with other managers of equal standing in order to get their co-operation for a project. External factors may arise when dealing with customers. For example, a manager may need to use a persuasive style to convince a customer to accept a replacement product for an item that is temporarily out of stock. 7. Supply Chain Leadership (SCL) Leadership is also found in the macro context of inter-organisational leader-follower relationships in the supply chain environment. Leadership is necessary to coordinate the efforts of multiple firms in a supply chain in order for the supply chain to function effectively. (Clifford, 2007) The existence of supply chain leaders seems undeniable, but supply chain performance requires the cooperation of multiple member organisations and the coordination of complex processes across all members. A supply chain leader can provide the incentive that encourages supply chain member firms to work more collaboratively. However, unless supply chain member organisations willingly choose to follow the leader, conflict may arise and supply chain performance may suffer as a result SCL has frequently been a label applied to the largest, most powerful firm in the supply chain. A supply chain leader may use its power to dominate supply chain members to achieve overall supply chain goals like increased collaboration or tighter integration (Benton amp; Maloni, 2004). Tesco, Wal-Mart, Dell, and Toyota are examples of supply chain leaders whose power is based on size and economic might. Power-based SCL can develop from other sources; a firm may become a leader because it possesses control over an information source critical to the success of other supply chain members. Retailers control access to mountains of customer purchase data that can be used by upstream firms to refine product designs and tailor production and distribution processes. The fact that retailers possess this information places many of them in a leadership position, and is consistent with the downstream shift of power downstream in supply chains (La Londe amp; Masters, 1994). According to Clifford (2007) SCL is not always predestined to the largest or most profitable organisation in all cases. A leader may emerge when it develops a distinctive capability that benefits other supply chain members, or SCL may accrue to a smaller, especially skilled organisation when a special expertise is lacking from an otherwise more powerful firm. For example, third party logistics (3PL) providers may find themselves in a position of leadership because of the more efficient product flow processes they have developed. 8. Conclusion Effective leadership is critical for organisational effectiveness, and it has become important in recent years since the business world has become more competitive and more volatile. Leadership and management are related, but they are not the same. Each has its own function and characteristic activities. Both are necessary for success in a business environment. Tesco leaders need to be inspirational, creative and innovative, ready to embrace change and with a long-term vision for achievement. Effective leaders manage by example and in doing so, develop their teams. Tesco encourages all its managers to lead by example. It requires leaders who can motivate, problem-solve and build great teams. Leadership also exists in the inter-organisational leader-follower relationships in the supply chain environment. Leadership is necessary to coordinate multiple firms in a supply chain in order for the supply chain to function effectively. Supply Chain Leadership (SCL) is not always predestined to the largest or most profitable organisation; a leader may emerge when it develops a unique capability that benefits other supply chain member.